- Maureen Ferran *
- The conversation
Source of the image, Getty Images
The Johnson & Johnson vacuum alone requires a single dose.
The Administration of Medicines and Food of EE.UU. (FDA, by its seal in English) authorized this week the use of the vaccine against covid-19 in adults developed in Johnson & Johnson laboratories.
The main feature of this vaccine is that, depending on the time it is used, it works with a single dose.
Maureen Ferran, Rochester University Virologist, explains how this job is performed, the FDA-authorized third party, and its differences with manufacturers at Pfizer-BioNTech and Modern.
1. How does Johnson & Johnson’s vacancy work?
Treat yourself to a viral vector vaccine.
To create it, the Johnson & Johnson team removed a non-invasive adenovirus – a viral vector – and replaced a small part of its genetic component with genes of the pico proteins (the external parts of the virus that contain a corona) of the SARS-CoV- 2, the virus that produces el covid-19.
After that, this adenovirus was modified is injected into the patient’s throat and ingests into its cells.
Read the cells and read the genetic instructions that his nurses need to produce the pico proteins. The vacant cells produce and store their protein proteins on their own surface.
The person’s system uses these foreign proteins and begins to create antibodies that protect the person if they are exposed to the virus in the future.
Source of the image, Getty Images
One of the main characteristics of the vaccine is that it does not require ultracollectors to be vaccinated.
The adenovirus viral vector vaccine is safe because the adenovirus can not replicate in human cells or cause an infection, while the SARS-CoV-2 pico protein can not cause covid-19 without the rest of the coronavirus.
This type of vaccine strategy is not new. Johnson and Johnson use a similar para to produce the vaccine contra el ébola.
Hecho, the vaccine developed by the University of Oxford and the Astra-Zeneca laboratory use a viral adenovirus vector.
2. Is it effective?
The FDA analysis hello that the vaccine of Johnson & Johnson show an efficacy of 72% in preventing the infection in all variants of covid-19 and 86% in effectiveness in preventing severe cases of infection.
Although a person can be evacuated, the dates suggest that the vaccine reduces the risks of requiring hospitalization or killing the cause of death.
A similar analysis takes place in South Africa, with a much more contagious variant being the dominant one, and similar results.
Investigators are signaling that Johnson & Johnson’s vaccine resulted in a small effective reduction in the prevention rate of 64% – to increase the risk of 82% efficacy to prevent serious infections.
Source of the image, Getty Images
Clinical trials are conducted taking into account the variants of the virus that appear, for example, in South Africa.
The FDA also reported that this vaccine protects other varieties, such as those known in the United Kingdom and Brazil.
3. How to differentiate between other vacancies
The main difference is that Johnson & Johnson is an adenovirus viral vector vaccine, while Moderna and Pfizer are of the mARN type.
The mARN vacancies, the ARN messenger, use coronavirus genetic instructions to tell the cells of the vacancies that produce the pico proteins to use another virus as a vector.
And there are other differences, from the point of view of practice.
Tanto the Modern vaccine as the Pfizer is based on dose administration, separated by varias semanas. Johnson & Johnson only needs one.
This is a key that does not have enough summits.
In addition, the Johnson & Johnson vacancy does not require ultracollectors for their emergency, different from the mARNs that require a free holiday code to be distributed securely.
Las de Johnson & Johnson offered almacenarse, and it is never a regular arrangement, and it can be easily used.
Respect for its efficiency, it is difficult to compare the vacancies of Moderna, Pfizer and Johnson & Johnson debido to the difference in the design of the clinical trials.
Mientras Moderna and Pfizer will confirm a 95% efficacy to prevent the disease, the clinical trials will hiccup media by 2020, as long as new variants of the virus appear and find a circulating amplitude.
It is very possible that the vacancies of Moderna and Pfizer will not be effective against them new variant, while Johnson & Johnson’s clinical trials are looking at it more recently and taking it to account the efficacy is these new variants.
Source of the image, Getty Images
The Johnson & Johnson caravan helps in the worldwide evacuation effort.
4. Is it recommended to choose a caravan for the sake of it?
Although the general efficiencies of the Moderna y Pfizer vacancies are higher than those of Johnson & Johnson, it is not recommended to wait until the vacancy is reached.
Partly because it probably won’t work for a long time, so does the demand and the problems of waste.
The Johnson & Johnson vacancy is as good as the bases vacancies in ARNm to prevent serious cases, and these are actually imported.
Johnson & Johnson and other viral vector vacancies, such as Astra-Zeneca, are particularly important for the global evacuation effort..
From a public health perspective, it is important to have various vacancies against covid-19, as Johnson & Johnson is very welcome as part of this arsenal against the pandemic.
Source of the image, Getty Images
It is hoped that the Johnson & Johnson vaccine will address the most needed diseases during the pandemic.
And it does not require a partner, because it is much easier to send and receive.
It’s a vaccine of a single injection, which facilitate logistics in comparison with the organization required to administer doses per person.
With the intentions to evacuate the mayor of the most likely person possible the most likely to limit the development of new coronavirus variants, it is hoped that Johnson & Johnson will release several million doses in letters to EE.UU., according to the FDA on emergency use.
Hold a third vacancy authorized in EE.UU. it is a great step to satisfy the demand for vacancy and give up on the pandemic.
Maureen Ferran is Professor of Biology at the Rochester Institute of Technology.
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