Share it if your loved one is hesitant to get the Covid-19 vaccine

Share it if your loved one is hesitant to get the Covid-19 vaccine

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To answer questions your family and friends may have about the Covid-19 vaccine, we consulted two experts:

Medical experts, successful clinical trials, and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have repeatedly assured us of the safety and efficacy of the two Covid-19 vaccines from Moderna and Pfizer.

But health experts also take your concerns seriously, Schaffner said.

“We need to take everyone’s hesitation and skepticism seriously,” he said. “It’s a new virus in the human population, new vaccines that use new technologies, so you understand that people are a bit hesitant.”

If they say:
“I do not know what is in the vaccine.”

You can say: That’s fair. Vaccine lists contain very long names that only a pharmacist would recognize.

Here are some of the key ingredients in the Modern and Pfizer vaccines, the two vaccines currently allowed to be used, and how they work:
mRNA: Shortly before messenger ribonucleic acid, mRNA is a ‘genetic software’ that tells cells how to grow the coronavirus protein, the structure that the virus uses to invade cells. The mRNA attracts the attention of your immune system, and is therefore prepared to attack the ear protein if it occurs. The mRNA disintegrates as soon as it conveys its message, Schaffner said, and you excrete the remnants of it.

Fatty lipids: The mRNA is very fragile, so it is covered with a fatty lipid to protect it. The lipids, a buttery substance, can melt at room temperature – therefore both vaccines must be kept at extremely cold temperatures. Fatty lipids used in Covid-19 vaccines include polyethylene glycol-2000 and cholesterol, among others.

Salts and sugars: Salts such as potassium chloride and sodium chloride are in the vaccine to balance the acidity in your body, according to the MIT Technology Review. Sugar, which is listed as sucrose, is there so that the vaccine nanoparticles retain their shape.

Other vaccinations still in US trials, such as those of AstraZeneca, are dependent on technologies other than mRNA and therefore contain different ingredients.

Modern and Pfizer's Covid-19 vaccines should be kept at very cold temperatures to prevent the fatty lipids of the vaccine from melting.

If they say:
“The vaccine was created too quickly to be reliable.”

You can say: It is true that the Covid-19 vaccines currently approved for emergency use by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration have been developed and tested faster than other vaccines we know. But extensive clinical trials have proven to be effective.

Part of the reason the vaccines were developed so quickly is because circumstances quickly demanded: we are in a pandemic that is killing more than 2 million people worldwide and making more than 103 million people sick. The need for a vaccine is urgent.
Here's a look at how the different coronavirus vaccines work

Instead of waiting for the results of trials to produce a vaccine, the companies that create these vaccines produced them simultaneously so that they would be ready to implement when the trials were completed, Schaffner said. Usually, the companies that create vaccines will wait until a trial run ends before giving them the OK to manufacture the vaccines.

“Of course, our ‘bet’, if you will, named a winner,” Schaffner said. Both Pfizer and Moderna vaccines are 94 to 95% effective in preventing Covid-19 serious diseases.

The technology used by the vaccines, mRNA, was developed long before the virus that causes Covid-19 began to spread in humans, so the technology could be trusted, Schaffner and Karron said.

The Covid-19 vaccine trials included tens of thousands of participants, said Karron, whose reactions to the vaccine were closely monitored for months before the vaccines were approved by the FDA.

Vaccine developers also have the means to speed up the process – there were no questions about demand or funding, Karron said.

If they say:
“The vaccine can give me Covid-19.”

You can say: The vaccine can not give you Covid-19, Schaffner said, because it does not contain the virus. It contains mRNA, or messenger ribonucleic acid, which tells your cells how to create the protein peak that the virus uses to infect other cells.

The live virus never enters your body during the vaccination process, Karron said – your cells learn how to become part of the virus, but coronavirus cannot repeat like that.

You may experience some “intense but short” symptoms, such as fatigue, nausea and low fever after being vaccinated, she said. It is often synonymous with Covid-19, but these side effects caused by vaccines should be reduced within 24 to 48 hours.

It is also possible that you have no side effects, Karron said, or it could be as mild as a headache and a sore arm. Either way, you will not get the chance to get Covid-19 vaccinated.

READ MORE: Answer your coronavirus questions
Covid-19 vaccine studies, such as these in Florida, have been shown to be effective in preventing serious diseases.

If they say:
“The vaccine can change my DNA.”

You can say: The Covid-19 vaccines do not change and do not affect your DNA.

The mRNA never enters a cell’s nucleus with DNA, Karron said. It does its job in the cytoplasm, the fluid in a cell.

The mRNA also does not stick in the body. It goes up as soon as it sends a message to the cells and leaves your body, Schaffner said.

If they say:
“The vaccine can give my child autism or a birth defect.”

You can say: It is not true. Several studies have repeatedly shown that vaccines do not cause autism or developmental issues in young children. The faith is based on a stack study from the nineties that has since been withdrawn.

As stated above, the Covid-19 vaccine does not disrupt DNA.

Pregnant women should get Covid-19 vaccine, US doctors say, despite conflicting international advice
If they are concerned about the risk of being vaccinated during pregnancy, it may allay their fears: the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends the Covid-19 vaccine for people who are pregnant or breastfeeding.
It is also wise to get vaccinated, Schaffner said because pregnant women are thought to be at higher risk for serious diseases due to Covid-19. Compared to symptomatic people who are not pregnant, pregnant people are at higher risk for inclusion in the iko, the need for a ventilator and death, according to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.
The risk of serious side effects after vaccination with Covid-19 is low, but people with severe allergies should consult their doctor before being vaccinated.

If they say:
“The side effects of the vaccine could be serious.”

You can say: You are unlikely to have a serious reaction to the Covid-19 vaccine. It is much more likely that you will have a “local reaction”, such as redness and soreness in your arm or low fever, Schaffner said.

The side effects of the virus tend to be more severe after the second dose of Moderna or Pfizer vaccines, Karron said. So it’s smart to plan ahead. If you are too tired, you may want to take a day off from work after receiving the vaccine. The symptoms also tend to be worse in young people than older people who are vaccinated, she said.

“It’s a small price to pay to prevent Covid,” Karron said.

If they say:
“I may have an allergic reaction to the virus.”

You can say: It is possible, but very rare: about 11 cases per one million cases of Covid-19 vaccinations resulted in an allergic reaction, Karron said.

People with severe allergies or those who carry an EpiPen should consult their doctor before being vaccinated, but even those with allergies have received the vaccine without reaction.

CNN’s Sandee LaMotte and Maggie Fox contributed to this report.

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