The treaty, signed in 2010 by President Barack Obama and Russian President Dmitry Medvedev, limits each country to a maximum of 1,550 deployed nuclear warheads and 700 deployed missiles and bombers, and aims to verify comprehensive on-site inspections to comply.
Biden indicated during the U.S. presidential campaign that he advocated the preservation of New START, which was negotiated during his tenure as vice president under Obama.
Russia has long proposed to extend the treaty without any conditions or changes, but the Trump administration waited until last year to begin talks and made the expansion dependent on a set of demands. The talks stalled, and months of negotiations could not limit the differences.
Following the withdrawal of both Moscow and Washington from the 1987 Nuclear Treaty between 1987 and 1987, New START is the only remaining nuclear weapons control agreement between the two countries.
Earlier this month, Russia announced that it would follow the US to withdraw from the Open Skies Treaty, which would allow surveillance flights over military facilities to build trust and transparency between Russia and the West.