A new study based on the nuclear resonance of the cerebral miles of people with multiple sclerosis (EM) revealed three new subtypes of pathology, based on cerebral anomalies detected by artificial intelligence (IA). This hallazgo can serve to enforce the most effective way of treatment.
What is multiple sclerosis?
Multiple sclerosis (EM) is one of the main inflammatory processes affecting the central nervous system.
It causes autoimmune alterations, by activating immune activity in the myelin sheaths, the lipid-rich compound to cover and protect the nerves of the brain and the spinal cord. This is the characteristic of progressive and irreversible degeneration of the axons.
At the beginning of the illness, the axons can promote their reminiscence, but, after all, the degenerative period ends, as there are the clinical manifestations of the illness.
For this reason, these interruptions of critical form interrupt the flow of information (in the form of electrical signals and traverses the nerves) between the cerebrum and the cerebral cortex
Multiple sclerosis produces highly varied and its diagnostic and difficult to diagnose. It is based on a series of criteria and excludes other possible pathologies, including the neuroimage paper key. Prohibition of sin, its progression is unpredictable.
How do you understand the symptoms of multiple sclerosis?
The clinical manifestations of EM are very variable, depending on the area of the nervous system in which the axons are injured. In addition, your initiative can be abrupt or progressively slow.
Also, you can present in the form of alternating fractures of reactivation and remission of the disease, which can last variable periods and with the posterior diversification of the syndromes.
Pero la debilidad muscle is one of the most frequent syndromes. This suele commences in one of the inferior extremities, although also can manifest as facial disability.
Also, you can present elasticity (tensile and rigid muscles) which, in addition to the muscle gain, gives you an important change of pace. The majority of patients undergoing incapacitated fatigue, which is expected to be delayed.
Also, in multiple sclerosis there is a sensitive alteration in the form of hormigueo, pinchazos or reduction of tactile sensations. On other occasions, patients have unpleasant sensations that include pain that can affect any corporate body.
In addition to the inflammation of the optic nerve, it can have a visual impairment with severe impairment of vision, which usually affects a single eye.
New categories of multiple sclerosis
Currently, multiple sclerosis is classified into four groups, determined by the rate of recurrence or progression, based on clinical observation and neuroimaging.
But a group of investigators, who searched increase the compensation of the physiopathological mechanisms of the disease, realize the hallucination of three new subtypes of multiple sclerosis, which can help to log a new focus in its diagnostics and therapeutic way.
The studio appears in the review Nature communication, cuyo author main es Dr. Arman Eshaghi of the Queen Square Institute of Neurology at University College London (UCL).
Investigators are identifying the new subtypes of EM from the cerebrum of 6322 patients with this pathology based on magnetic resonance imaging (RMN) studies.
The images were analyzed by an artificial intelligence program (IA) developed by UCL, called SuStaIn (Subtype and Stage Inference), which can identify three new pathology patterns.
The three new subtypes of multiple sclerosis are numbered as “conduction by the court”, “conduction by the white matter of normal appearance” and “conduction by the lesion”, which refer to the first anomalies detected in the RMN of each cartridge.
To validate their halls, SuStaIn investigators use “detection” mode and feed them with data from other 3068 RMN patients with EM, then confirm the existence of the three subtypes.
Treatment by subtypes
With respect to the therapies for EM, Eshaghi manifested: “Currently, the EM is classified as a large breed, in progressive recurrent groups, which are based on patients’ sinuses. It is not based directly on the subliminal biology of the nurse and, for that matter, it can not help the doctors to choose the appropriate treatment for the correct patients ».
Eshaghi signaled that, once the identification of the subtypes, the team analyzed the patient records in relation to the response to the treatments following the subtypes of EM recently identified.
At this point, “there is a clear difference in subtype in the response of patients to different treatments and in the accumulation of disability over time. This is an important step in predicting individual responses to therapies ».
The main author, Professor Olga Ciccarelli, also said that the analysis by IA of the cerebral scanners can be the beginning of the development of children who lead to an individual definition of the course and the therapeutic response of the EM if well b investigation to realize.
Information obtained from MedicalNewsToday, Elsevier and RochePacientes.