About 125 people who were fully vaccinated in Louisiana tested positive for COVID-19 more than two weeks after their last dose.
That there are a small number of ‘breakthrough cases’ is no surprise. “I think it is in line with what you would expect from the trials,” said Dr. Joe Kanter, the state health officer, said.
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A recent study by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control & Prevention showed that the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines are approximately 90% effective against infection once two weeks have passed since the second dose. According to US trials, the Johnson & Johnson vaccine is approximately 72% effective against moderate to severe illness.
Government officials are monitoring breakthrough cases to understand the transmission of coronavirus among vaccines and whether the vaccines may not work as well against certain strains of the virus. And while breakthrough cases are rare – 126 cases among 568,968 people who have been fully vaccinated in Louisiana are about 0.02%, or about 1 case for every 4,500 vaccinated people to date – it’s a reminder that people who have had their shots has, still has to take precautions. such as masking and distancing in public.
“The vaccine is not an empty test to do what you want,” said Dr. Julio Figueroa, head of infectious diseases at LSU Health New Orleans, said.
Breakthrough cases are sometimes identified by mandatory tests before surgery or return to work, not because vaccinated people show symptoms.
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As more people are vaccinated, the rate of new breakthrough cases will drop, Figueroa said. This is partly because research shows that vaccinated people who still contract COVID, regardless of whether they have symptoms, have a lower viral load and are less likely to transmit the disease.
“What we want to do is drop the entire population’s viral loss so that we have less and less transmission,” Figueroa said.
Other states and researchers are also monitoring breakthrough cases, with results also indicating that they are rare. One study from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas found that only four out of 8,121 employees who were at least two weeks out of their final dose were infected – about 0.04%. Another found that only seven of 14,990 employees in two California hospitals were later infected, a similar percentage.
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In the state of Washington, only about 100 out of 1.2 million people who have been fully vaccinated tested positive for the coronavirus. Most experience mild symptoms, consistent with the results of clinical trials suggesting that the vaccines reduce the severity of the disease. But eight of those breakthrough cases led to hospitalization, and two people who died are being investigated as breakthrough cases, according to the Washington State Department of Health. both were over 80 with other health problems.
Louisiana officials did not share information about the severity of diseases in breakthrough cases or say what vaccine the individuals received.
The CDC recommends that people who are vaccinated still wear masks in public and around unvaccinated people. Experts said this guidance may weaken as more people get the chance, but widespread vaccination is needed to provide protection to vulnerable people.
“You want to vaccinate the population as much as possible so that you get the herd immunity,” Figueroa said. “Those who are susceptible will be protected, even if they have been vaccinated.”
Emily Woodruff Treats Public Health for The Times-Picayune | The New Orleans Advocate as a report for the corps member of America.