How does the Novavax vaccine work against covid-19?

(CNN) – As part of the Novavax biotechnology business, scientists are unveiling what they hope will be available next to covid-19 for the United States and the world.

Data from the clinical trial on a large scale phase 3 of the vaccine that the company in the United States and Mexico are experiencing for this month, per the chronology depending on the speed with which data on the prevalence of illness in the areas of ensayo.

The company’s vacancy against the covid-19 was a year in preparation, said CNN’s Dr. Gregory Glenn, President of Novavax Research and Development. The work commenced including the fact that the world is suffering from a pandemic.

In the middle of last year, Glenn and his colleagues observed looking for an unusual group of neurons reported in China. If this is the case then maybe the coronavirus virus or other CARS virus can cause it to become susceptible to SARS.

“It’s our opinion that this will be ‘SARS 2’ ‘, says Glenn. “The sequence is published on the Internet, the genetic sequence of the virus, and we can see that it was a coronavirus. Luego nos pusimos en acción ».

How does the Novavax vaccine work? Using polilla cells

When the virus sequences are published online, worldwide scientists quickly identify the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes covid-19, as a coronavirus because it is known as “protein proteins” in its surface. These picks form large protuberances that give coronavirus the appearance of coronavirus, hence the name “coronavirus”.

These botanical structures are those that use the virus to connect with human cells and cause an infection. Make sure the immunological system recognizes and “recovers” these pea and key proteins in a way that a vaccine can protect against covid-19.

Without embarrassment, the form in which the various vacancies occur against the coronavirus can vary.

The vaccine against Novavax’s coronavirus, called NVX-CoV2373, differs from the three vaccines distributed in the United States. The vaccine is based on what is known as recombinant nanoparticle technology and the adjuvant of Novavax, called Matrix-M, for estimating an immune response and estimating high levels of neutralizing anticoagulants.

When the coronavirus genetic sequence is published, Novavax scientists identify the gene for the protein of pico and create a modified version of this gene. Investigators are cloning the genes in a baculovirus that infects insects. Luego infects the cells of the pollen, specifically, the cells of the insect gusano cogollero, with this virus, the ones that produce the coronavirus pico protein.

These nanoparticles are similar to a virus’s recolectaron para fabricar la vacuna de Novavax.

“The general idea of ​​the vaccine is to test the immunological system as it is, to act as a virus, with the exception that it does not infect.” Asi hicimos the protein of pico. We possess a particle, basically, like a jab pump, and are the master of the virus, ”said Glenn.

«I am not contagious. Never touch the coronavirus again », aggregate. “Luego, it’s the one to the people, and produces an immune response that is very much felt only in the pico, and it is said that the distinctive cell of our vaccine is that it produces an immune response very strongly with very small secondary effects, and the dose is very small and the vacuum can be normalized to normal refrigerated temperatures ».

It is different from the covid-19 vacancies equipped with ARN messenger (ARNm) transported in lipid particles called lipids. His most beautiful and must-have companions.

ARNm’s vacancies authorize the passing year in United States, Pfizer / BioNTech and Modern, using genetic material to estimate a humanitarian response.

When the vaccine is injected into the brain of a person, this genetic material is absorbed by the cells of the muscle of the brain, which follow the genetic instructions to produce small amounts of the protein of the spleen. These small proteins estimate an immune response, generating anticoagulants and cellulose cells that are found as they are and will be listed to respond quickly in the event of a new attack.

The vaccine of a single Johnson & Johnson injection, which was authorized in February, uses a common debilitating virus as a vector to deliver the genetic instructions to the cells of the brain, and to make the pieces that belong to the protein of the pico del coronavirus.

“We are a small company”

Novavax hopes to apply for an emergency use permit for its covid-19 vehicle at any time during the second quarter of this year. Pero the company is manufacturing the vacancy in 10 locations in each country, with two locations in United States: North Carolina and Texas.

“There are all different stages,” said Glenn. “Some are previous, but all are working and working in the living room. For this, we hope to have a very great capacity ».

The vaccine against Novavax’s coronavirus is not among the first authorized in the United States because the company that forms the necessary staff to develop a new vaccine, said Glenn.

“We’re a small company,” he said, comparing some of the larger car manufacturers, such as Pfizer and Johnson & Johnson.

“We need to recruit people and our funding is good,” he said. “In addition to all the challenges of unleashing the vacancy, which is really complicated, we have the challenge of building a business.”

But Novavax “has a point really good time,” said Glenn.

The Novavax vaccine has high efficacy

Phase 3 of the vaccine study against Novavax’s covid-19 in the United States and Mexico has enrolled 30,000 volunteers in more than 100 applications.

A final analysis of the dates of another phase 3 trial on a large scale in the United Kingdom shows that the Novavax vaccine has a general efficacy of 89.7% in the prevention of live, moderate and severe infestations. Ese hallazgo is announced my past.

The Novavax ensemble in the United Kingdom, with more than 15,000 participants between 18 and 84 years old, found that the vaccine had an efficacy of 96.4% against live, moderate and severe coronavirus disease and of 86.3% against variant B.1,1.7 first identified in the United Kingdom, the company said.

In its vacancies, Modern has 94.5% efficiency, Pfizer has 95% efficiency and Johnson & Johnson has 66% efficiency. Without embargo, the Novavax and Johnson & Johnson vacancies will be studied later in the pandemic when investigators identify the appearance of coronavirus variants, comparing them with the Modern and Pfizer vacancies previously studied. Between the vacancies, the assays also differ in the place where they study, which can help to explain the differences in efficacy.

Novavax’s assay in the United Kingdom also showed that 14 days after the first dose, the vaccine efficacy was 83.4% in the Novavax assay.

Novavax hopes to see similar results in the United States, especially since the B.1,1.7 variant continues to circulate, says Glenn.

«In the United Kingdom, the cepa called B.1,1.7 is a predominant Volvo and this cepa will be more severe in terms of causing more deaths than the original cepa. This step is also under control in the United States. Some people hope that by April all the virus or the mayor part of the virus will be this new variant B.1,1.7 «, dijo Glenn.

“We are confirming our high efficiency against this rate at 86%,” said Glenn. “This is really an alignment for our United States dates.” Suggest that our test in the United States, including the evolutionary virus, will be very good ».

The efficacy of the Novavax vaccine against the South African variant

The company also signaled that in an analysis of a Phase 2b entity on a minor scale in South Africa, it was first identified by variant B.1,351. The vacancy rate is an efficiency of 55.4% among the VIH negative people.

In both cases in the United Kingdom and South Africa, the vaccine was given a 100% protection against covid-19 serious as a result of death hospitalization, said Novavax.

The vaccine was also well tolerated by some serious adversaries or graves all over the United Kingdom as well as in South Africa, according to the company.

“We are very proud of the data that NVX-CoV2373 demonstrates, not only does it provide complete protection against the most serious forms of infertility, but also drastically reduces living and moderating illnesses,” said Stanley in a statement. .

“It is important to note that both studies confirm the efficacy against the various types,” said Erck.

Novavax’s final analysis of the results of the study in the United Kingdom “Continues the news of excellent news” that the world has held about the vacancies in the last months, Michael Head, principal investigator in global health at the University of Southampton, in a communication distributed by the Science Media Center of the United Kingdom in March.

“It is a notable logarithm to have so many candidates who have shown positive results in favor of regulators,” said Head, who did not participate in Novavax’s studies.

«A precautionary statement is the minor effect observed against the pre-occupant variant B.1,351, which was observed for the first time in South Africa. This is the impact that the variants can have in the response to the pandemic and, for that matter, there is a solid argument for maintaining the most likely cases while the covid-19 load is high, “he said.

“Without embarrassment, all have a clear protector effect in the Novavax case, and all data on all covid-19 vacancies suggest that there will be many serious protective devices against all variants, which appear to be an excellent result.”

– Maggie Fox de CNN contributes to important information.