The efficiency expressed in percentage is the main factor in evaluating the new vacancies against the covid-19. Why are you tired? What do you depend on?
– How does efficiency work?
When it is said that a vaccine has an efficacy of X% against covid-19, it means that X% reduces the risk of contracting the disease, following the calculations of its manufacturers based on clinical trials.
Between the tens of miles of volunteer volunteers, a part received the vacancy and another placebo. During the test, all of them had a normal life and some of them naturally contravened the covid-19. If the vacancy is effective, the number of people contacted will be lower among the vacancies participants.
For example, the Sputnik V vaccine has a 91.6% efficacy against the viral manifestations of the virus, following the results published on February 2 and the medical review The Lancet.
The Russian investigators determined this percentage was that 16 volunteers out of the 14,900 who received the dose of the vaccine had positive diagnoses, up from 62 of the 4,900 who received a placebo.
The most effective vacancies are now Pfizer / BioNTech and Modern (95% and 94.1%, respectively), which use ARN messaging technology.
– What do you depend on?
The efficiency depends on various criteria, such as the manner in which the vaccine is administered.
For example, AstraZeneca and its society, the University of Oxford, state that its efficacy varies depending on how much the dose is.
“The eqacia alcanza 82.4% with an interval of 12 weeks or more between doses”, down to 54.9% for months of six weeks, according to a study published on February 1.
The European Medicines Agency (EMA) determines that authorizing this vacancy on the 29th of January has an effect of “around 60%” with the interval between 4 and 12 weeks.
The severity of the illness can also be a factor. As a result, the efficiency of the Johnson & Johnson vaccine is generally 66%, but specialists say they increase to 85% when it comes to preventing serious manifestations.
Scientists are prone to assimilation and it is possible to increase the efficacy of the vaccine used for the second dose a different antigen from the first.
The University of Oxford is launching a study with 820 mayors in their 50s to test this hypothesis with the Pfizer / BioNTech and AstraZeneca vacancies.
– Effectiveness against the variants?
The scientists observed with preoccupation with the South African variant, since one of its mutations, called E484K, it is possible to reduce the number of vacancies.
In South Africa, the markets decided to use the Johnson & Johnson vaccine, which is not authorized in Europe and the United States, just as the AstraZeneca, however, has a questionable study of its effectiveness against this variant.
Realized among 2,000 people, the study concludes that the Anglo-Swedish pharmaceutical vaccine only offers a “limited protection against moderate demonstrations of the South African variant produced among adult adults”.
Many experts warn against obstruction of definitive conclusions and the OMS recommends that markets use this vacancy “including the presence of varieties”.
The study is “preoccupying”, but presents “important limitations”, said the Director General of the OMS, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, citing the reduced number of participants and the high level of these are young and in good health and so much not representative of the general population.
For its part, Pfizer / BioNTech will publish a study this March in the journal Medicine Medicine which signals that its vaccine is in vitro against the main mutations of British and South African varieties.
Modern indicates that its vaccine is effective against the British and in the Middle East, the South African, because it develops a second dose specifically directed against the second.
A study published on the markets in Nature concluded that the vacancies of Pfizer / BioNTech and Moderna had a “significantly reduced” share of its efficiencies before the varieties.
“It would be necessary to periodically modify ARN’s vacancies to avoid a loss of efficacy”, its authors conclude.
– ¿Effects for who?
Ignore these vacancies are equally effective among the mayors, since the humanitarian response is diminished by the oath.
In particular, there are doubts about AstraZeneca’s vacancy and various European countries only administering to minor persons aged 65 or over, including 55, due to lack of dates.
Without embarrassment, the OMS judged the markets that this antigen is also valid for this franchise.
On the other hand, it should be determined if these vacancies impede the transmission of the disease, in addition to protecting the vacant person.